When the vehicle wheel hits an obstacle, the suspension compression travels. At the same time, the wheel rushes up, and the spring and shock absorber are compressed. The higher the vehicle speed, the larger the obstacle and the steeper its inclination, the faster the spring and shock absorber are compressed.

1. 3 (E36)
2. 3 Saloon (E36)
3. 3 Coupe (E36)
4. 3 Convertible (E36)
5. 3 Touring (E36)
6. 3 (E46)
7. 3 Saloon (E46)
8. 3 Coupe (E46)
9. 3 Touring (E46)
10. 3 Convertible (E46)
11. 3 Compact (E46)
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The functionality of the TOPRAN brand Rubber Buffer, suspension

The spring accumulates potential energy, and the shock absorber extinguishes it. The amount of potential energy is proportional to the square of the upward speed of the wheel. If the spring rate and the shock absorber's efficiency cannot cope with the driving situation, you will feel a shock. This situation is called "suspension breakdown". In order to prevent breakdown of the suspension, an additional element is installed on the shock absorber rod - a buffer of the compression stroke, which limits the full compression of the shock absorber. Thus, the compression travel buffer increases the stiffness of the suspension in the last stage of its operation.